Mitundu Ya Makapu Otayika: Buku Lathunthu la Ogula

Bukhuli lili ndi mitundu yonse ya kapu yotayidwa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya ndi zochitika - kuphatikiza magulu omwe amadumphira ambiri, monga makapu a thovu, makapu a bagasse, ndi makapu amadzi{1}. Zimaphatikizansopo za kukula, mtengo wamtengo wapatali, zolemba zotsatila, ndi mndandanda wafupipafupi wa ogula kumapeto. Ngati mukufuna kuwona momwe zida za kapu zikufananizira zonsemakapu akumwerarange, awa ndi malo abwino kuyamba limodzi ndi bukhuli.

Zinthu 4 Zomwe Ziyenera Kuyendetsa Kusankha Kwanu Kwa Cup

Musanafananize mitundu ya makapu enieni, mvetsetsani momveka bwino pamitundu inayi. Adzachepetsa zosankha zanu mwachangu kuposa kufananiza kulikonse.

Kutentha kwakumwa.Ichi ndi chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri. Makapu otentha ndi ozizira sasinthana - ozizira-makapu akumwa amagwiritsa ntchito zokutira ndi mamangidwe osiyanasiyana omwe sadatenthedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kapu yolakwika pazakumwa zotentha kumapangitsa kuti kapuyo ikhale yofewa, kutayikira, kapena kupunduka.

Gwiritsani ntchito nkhani ndi voliyumu.Malo odyera apakati-akuluakulu omwe amagulitsa khofi 300 patsiku ali ndi zosowa zosiyana ndi zomwe zimapatsa alendo 3,000. Ganizirani ngati makapu azigwiritsidwa ntchito kudyera-ku, kutenga, kapena kubweretsa, komanso ngati mukufunikira zosindikizira zamtundu kapena zinthu zosavuta.

Zomangamanga zotayika.Musanadye kapu ya "compostable", fufuzani ngati dera lanu lili ndi mafakitale opanga manyowa omwe amavomerezadi chakudya-pakuyika. Popanda maziko amenewo, phindu la chilengedwe limasowa kwambiri.

Mtengo wonse, osati mtengo wagawo.Kapu imodzi-yotsika pakhoma ingakhale yotsika mtengo pa unit iliyonse koma imafuna kapu ya zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo ndi zinyalala. Kapu iwiri-yokwera pamakoma imawononga ndalama zoyambira koma nthawi zambiri imachotseratu mtengo wake. Nthawi zonse werengerani kuchuluka kwa-pa mtengo uliwonse, osati mtengo wa makapu okha.

Mitundu ya Paper Cup

Makapu amapepala amalamulira pazakudya chifukwa ndi osindikizika, opepuka, ndipo amapezeka mosiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu yomangika, iliyonse yogwirizana ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana. Kuti mumvetsetse momwe zokutira zamkati zimakhudzira kubwezeretsedwanso komanso zonena zachilengedwe, kuwonongeka kwazokutira kapu ya pepalaNdikoyenera kuwerenga limodzi ndi gawoli.

Makapu Amodzi{{0}Mapepala A Pakhoma

Makapu apepala- amodzindi makapu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Amakhala ndi pepala limodzi lokhala ndi zokutira mkati - nthawi zambiri polyethylene (PE) kapena polylactic acid (PLA) - kuti madzi asalowerere. Ndi njira zochepetsera ndalama zambiri ndipo zimagwira ntchito bwino-zokwera kwambiri, zodula-zochita zovutirapo.

Zabwino kwa:Zopangira madzi m'maofesi, -zowerengera zakudya zofulumira,{1}}zophikira zochitika zambiri, zakumwa zotentha ndi manja.

Zoletsa zazikulu:Popanda manja, kapuyo imatumiza kutentha m'manja mkati mwa masekondi 30 ndi chakumwa chotentha. Nthawi zambiri amawaphatikiza ndi manja a mapepala kapena kapu iwiri-kapu, zomwe zimawonjezera-mtengo wake. M'ma cafe omwe amapereka zakumwa zotentha zopitilila 100 patsiku, makapu awiri-apakhoma nthawi zambiri amatsika mtengo akawerengera mtengo wake.Pazochita za bajeti-zokhazikika,{1}}zokwera kwambiri, khoma-limodzi ndi lothandiza kwambiri.

Mtengo wofananira:Otsika kwambiri pakati pa mitundu ya makapu a mapepala.

Awiri{{0}Makapu a Wall Paper

Makapu-awiri apakhomakhalani ndi zigawo ziwiri zamapepala zokhala ndi mpweya wotsekereza pakati pawo. Izi zimapangitsa kunja kukhala kosavuta kugwira popanda manja ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa chakumwa. Makoma awiri-amapangitsanso kapu kumva bwino, zomwe makasitomala ambiri amaziphatikiza ndi zabwino.

Zabwino kwa:Malo odyera apadera, masitolo ogulitsa khofi okhala ndi chizindikiro cholimba, hotelo yapamwamba F&B, ntchito iliyonse yomwe mtengo wa manja kapena chitonthozo chamakasitomala ndizovuta.

Chosankha chachikulu:Awiri-makapu akumpanda nthawi zambiri amawononga 20–40% kuposa makapu amodzi-pakhoma (kuyerekeza kumasiyana malinga ndi ogulitsa, voliyumu, ndi dera - pemphani zogulira nthawi zonse). Pa malo odyera omwe amagulitsa khofi wapadera pamitengo yotsika mtengo, kusiyana kwamitengo kumakhala koyenera nthawi zonse. Kwa kauntala yotengera bajeti, sizingakhale choncho.Ngati khofi yanu imadalira makasitomala obwereza omwe amasamala za khofi, kuwirikiza- khoma ndi njira yotetezedwa.

Makapu a Mapepala a Ripple{{0}Wall (Triple-Wall) Wall

Ripple-makapu aku khomakukhala ndi malata wosanjikiza kunja kwa kapu ya pepala yokhazikika. Mipiringidzoyi imakhala yotchinga mwamphamvu komanso yogwira bwino kwambiri - kuposa mamangidwe amodzi ndi awiri-pakhoma. Amawonekanso osiyana, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala otchuka kwa ma brand omwe amafuna kuti chikho chawo chiwonekere m'manja mwamakasitomala.

Zabwino kwa:Makofi apamwamba kwambiri, malo odyera, mahotela apamwamba a F&B,-zochitika zapamwamba.

Zothandiza:Kunja kwamalata kumapangitsa-kumanga kusindikiza kukhala kovuta kwambiri. Makapu ambiri a ripple amabwera ndi kraft kapena zoyera zokhala ndi chizindikiro chambiri kapena zokutira m'manja mwamapepala m'malo mokhala-zosindikiza zamitundu yonse. Ngati kuyika kwachidziwitso ndikofunikira kwambiri pakutsatsa kwanu, tsimikizirani zosindikiza ndi wopereka wanu musanayitanitse.Ripple-wall ndiye njira yabwino ngati kugwiriridwa komanso mawonekedwe ake ndizofunikira monga kutsekereza.

Makapu a Cold Paper

Makapu a mapepala ozizira amapangidwira zakumwa zozizira. Amagwiritsa ntchito zokutira zolemera za PE kapena phula lakunja kuthamangitsa kukhazikika - chinyezi chomwe chimapangika kunja kwa kapu mukakhala madzi ozizira mkati. Makapu anthawi zonse otentha-akumwa amapepala sakhala ndi mankhwalawa ndipo amamva chinyontho komanso osakhazikika ndi zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi.

Zabwino kwa:Soda, madzi, tiyi wozizira, mowa ozizira, slushies, cinema ndi utumiki chakumwa cha chikondwerero.

Zofunika:Musagwiritse ntchito makapu ozizira a mapepala pa zakumwa zotentha. Kapangidwe kake sikadavotera kutentha ndipo kapu ikhoza kupunduka. Sera kapena PE kunja kumapangitsanso kusokoneza - malo ambiri sangathe kuzikonza. Yang'anani ndi wothandizira zinyalala musananene zobwezerezedwanso za makapu ozizira a mapepala.

Mitundu ya Cup Pulasitiki: PET ndi PP

Makapu apulasitiki amakhalabe odziwika muzakudya za zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, makamaka komwe kuwonetseredwa ndikofunikira. Mitundu iwiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazamalonda ndi PET ndi PP, ndipo imakhala ndi zolinga zosiyana. Kuti mufananitse mwatsatanetsatane zinthu, onani kalozera wathuPP vs PET vs PS pulasitiki.

Makapu a PET

Makapu a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) amakhala omveka bwino kwambiri kuposa kapu iliyonse yotayidwa - yomwe imakhala ngati galasi-ngati, zomwe zimapangitsa chakumwacho kukhala chapakati. Ma smoothies osanjikiza, khofi wozizira wokhala ndi zotsekemera zonona, tiyi wa zipatso wokhala ndi zokometsera: Makapu a PET ndiye mulingo wachakumwa chilichonse chozizira komwe ulaliki umapangitsa kugulitsa.

Zabwino kwa:Smoothie mipiringidzo, masitolo a juwisi, unyolo wa khofi wozizira, tiyi wobiriwira, zakumwa zamchere.

Kuzizira kokha.PET imafewa ikadzazidwa ndi madzi otentha ndipo siyoyenera zakumwa zotentha kapena zotentha. PET imatchedwa pulasitiki #1 ndipo imavomerezedwa ndi mapulogalamu ambiri obwezeretsanso makapu, koma mitengo yobwezeretsanso makapu ndi yotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitengo yobwezeretsanso mabotolo - kuipitsidwa ndi kuchepetsa kusonkhanitsa kwenikweni.PET ndiye chisankho choyenera mukamalankhula momveka bwino komanso mozizira-zakumwa zakumwa zili zofunika kwambiri.

PP makapu

Makapu a polypropylene (PP) amatha kusinthasintha kuposa PET komanso osawonekera pang'ono. Ubwino wawo ndi kutentha-kufanana kwa chisindikizo: Makapu a PP amatha kusindikizidwa ndi chivindikiro cha filimu pogwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira, ndichifukwa chake amalamulira msika wa tiyi. Ngati ntchito yanu ikugwiritsidwa ntchitofilimu yosindikizirapazakumwa zongotengera, PP ndiye zinthu zomwe mukufuna.

Zabwino kwa:Malo ogulitsira tiyi, zakumwa zotsekemera, -zakumwa zoziziritsa bwino kwambiri.

Mutha kusakatulamakapu apulasitikipamitundu yonse ya PET ndi PP kuti mufananize kukula kwake ndi zosankha za chivindikiro.

Makapu a Foam (EPS) - Dziwani Mkhalidwe Woyang'anira Musanayitanitsa

Makapu a thovu a polystyrene (EPS) omwe analipo kale anali ponseponse ku North America chakudya. Ndizotsika mtengo, zopepuka, ndipo zimapereka zotsekera bwino kwambiri pazakumwa zotentha ndi zozizira popanda manja. Komabe, udindo wawo wowongolera wasintha kwambiri.

Kumene makapu a thovu amaletsedwa kapena oletsedwa:Pansi paEU Single-Gwiritsani ntchito Plastics Directive (2019/904), Zotengera zakudya ndi zakumwa za EPS ndizoletsedwa m'maiko onse omwe ali mamembala a EU. UK ili ndi malamulo ofanana. Ku United States, kulibe chiletso m'boma, koma California, Maine, Maryland, ndi New York ali ndi zoletsa m'boma lonse, ndipo mizinda yambiri - kuphatikizapo New York City ndi Washington DC. - ili ndi ziletso zodziletsa. Australia ili ndi-mapulogalamu omaliza m'maboma angapo.

Malangizo othandiza:Ngati mukufuna kugawa -msika wambiri kapena kutumiza kunja, lingalirani kuti makapu a thovu ali ndi chiwopsezo chodziwika bwino. Ngakhale m'misika yomwe imakhala yovomerezeka, ambiri ogulitsa zakudya amawachotsa mwakufuna kwawo.Pa pulogalamu iliyonse yatsopano yopezera zinthu, thovu si njira yotetezeka-yanthawi yayitali.

Ngati panopa mukugwiritsa ntchito thovu ndipo mukufunika kusintha, makapu aŵiri-apakhoma ndiwo amalowetsamo zakumwa zotentha kwambiri. Kwa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, makapu a PET kapena ozizira amapaka nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Eco{{0}Mitundu ya Mpikisano Waubwenzi ndi Compostable Cup

Mawu oti "eco-ochezeka," "plant-based," ndi "biodegradable" amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potsatsa malonda a makapu - ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika. Chigawo ichi chikufotokozera zomwe mtundu uliwonse wa kapu wokhazikika umapereka, komanso zomwe zilembo zabwino zimanena. Kuti muwone zambiri zanjira yathu yokhazikika, nkhani imeneyo ingakhalenso yothandiza.

Makapu a PLA

PLA (polylactic acid) ndi bioplastic yochokera ku mbewu wowuma, nthawi zambiri chimanga. Ndiwowonekera ngati PET, kupangitsa makapu a PLA kuti azitha kusinthana ndi makapu ozizira apulasitiki. Chofunikira chachikulu ndi compostability ya mafakitale.

Zomwe "compostable" zimatanthawuza:PLA imawonongeka m'malo opangira manyowa omwe amasunga kutentha kwambiri kuposa madigiri 55 ndi milingo ya chinyezi, nthawi zambiri kupitilira masiku 90. Simaphwanyidwa modalirika mumilu ya kompositi, zotayiramo, kapena malo achilengedwe munthawi iliyonse yothandiza. M'malo mwake, PLA yosakanikirana ndi PET yobwezeretsanso mitsinje imatha kuipitsa gululo - vuto lomwe limadziwika m'misika komwe makapu a PLA sasonkhanitsidwa padera.

Kutentha kochepera:Makapu okhazikika a PLA sizoyenera zakumwa zotentha. Mitundu yambiri imayamba kuwonongeka pamene kutentha kwamadzi kupitirira pafupifupi madigiri 45–55 (fufuzani zambiri za katundu wa wogulitsa wanu - kupirira kwenikweni kutentha kumasiyana malinga ndi makulidwe a khoma ndi kusakanikirana kwa PLA).Gwiritsani ntchito makapu a PLA pa zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi, pokhapokha ngati zotsimikizika za kompositi zamakampani zotsimikizika zilipo kuti mugwire ntchito.

Satifiketi kuti mufufuze: ASTM D6400kwa misika yaku US, EN 13432 yamisika yaku Europe. Nthawi zonse funsani nambala yeniyeni ya satifiketi ndi gulu lomwe likupereka - osati chizindikiro chabe patsamba lazogulitsa.

Makapu a Bagasse (Sugarcane Fiber)

Bagasse ndi ulusi wamtundu womwe umatsala nzimbe ikakonzedwa kuti ipange madzi. Ndi ntchito yaulimi yomwe ikadatenthedwa kapena kutayidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti katundu wa bagasse akhale wocheperako poyerekeza ndi{1}}zosintha zina.

Makapu a bagasse amapangidwa kuchokera ku fiber iyi ndipo amapereka zina "eco-zochezeka" zomwe sizingatheke: kutsekemera kwenikweni-kumwa zakumwa. Makapu ambiri a bagasse amavoteledwa kuti amalumikizana mosalekeza ndi zakumwa mpaka madigiri 95, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera khofi, tiyi, ndi supu - osati zakumwa zoziziritsa kukhosi. Zimakhalanso zotetezedwa mu ma microwave-(tsimikizirani ndi zomwe kampani yanu ikufuna) ndipo imatha kupangidwa ndi kompositi pansi pa kompositi yaku mafakitale kapena kunyumba, kutengera certification.

Zabwino kwa:Zakumwa zotentha pamisonkhano yokhala ndi kompositi, malo odyera ofuna pulogalamu ya pulasitiki{{0}yaulere ya makapu, ntchito zophikira zolimbitsa thupi, misika komwe kusonkhanitsa kompositi kumakhazikitsidwa.

Zomwe bagasse sangathe kuchita:Ndi opaque, ndi maonekedwe a bulauni. Ngati chakumwa chanu chili gawo la malonda - a smoothie wosanjikiza, khofi wamtundu wa iced - bagasse sibwino. Zimawononganso ndalama zochulukirapo kuposa makapu amapepala, nthawi zambiri 30-60% yochulukirapo pagawo lililonse kutengera kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi kuchuluka kwa dongosolo (kuyerekeza kumasiyana; nthawi zonse pemphani ma quotes).

Zitsimikizo:Yang'anani EN 13432 kapenaChitsimikizo cha BPIkwa zodandaula za compostability. Ena ogulitsa amagwira onse awiri.

Kwa maopaleshoni omwe amapereka zakumwa zotentha ndipo amafuna kapu yopangidwa ndi kompositi popanda kutentha kwa PLA, bagasse ndiye njira yothandiza kwambiri yomwe ikupezeka pamalonda.

Madzi{{0}Makapu Opaka Papepala

Gulu lomwe likukulirakulira-msika wokhazikika: makapu amapepala okutidwa ndi chotchinga chamadzi (-chochokera kumadzi-chotengera) osati filimu yapulasitiki ya PE kapena PLA. Cholinga chake ndikuchotsa pulasitiki yopyapyala yomwe imapangitsa makapu ambiri amapepala kukhala ovuta kukonzanso.

M'misika yomwe ili ndi zida zamphamvu zobwezeretsanso mapepala - makamaka madera aku Northern Europe - madzi-makapu zokutira amavomerezedwa m'mitsinje yobwezeretsanso mapepala pomwe PE-makapu okhala ndi mizere amakanidwa. Uwu ndi mwayi weniweni komanso wopindulitsa kwa mabizinesi omwe akugwira ntchito m'misikayi. Ogula ena aku UK ndi EU tsopano amafotokozera{{6}makapu omatira amadzi momveka bwino kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna kuti azitha kugula.

Kuchepetsa kumvetsetsa:Magwiridwe amasiyana kwambiri ndi mapangidwe. Madzi{1}nthawi zambiri samavotera kuti amwe zakumwa zotentha kwambiri pakatentha kwambiri - zambiri zimakhala zotentha komanso nthawi yochepa yoti muzimwa khofi, osati khofi wotentha. Nthawi zonse pemphani chidziwitso chodziyimira pawokha cha ogulitsa m'malo modalira kufotokozera zamalonda. Funsani mwachindunji: ndi kutentha kwa madzi kotani komwe kapuyi ingagwire, kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji, umphumphu wapangidwe usanakhudzidwe?

Zabwino kwa:Ogula m'misika yomwe ili ndi maziko obwezeretsanso mapepala omwe akufuna kuchepetsa mafilimu apulasitiki-; machitidwe okhudzana ndi kukakamizidwa kwa EU kapena UK pakugwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki amodzi-; mabizinesi omwe amatha kukonzanso pamapepala ndi kasitomala wotsimikizika-akukumana ndi zomwe akufuna.

Kukula kwa Cup Disposable Reference

Zindikirani: Miyezo ya Oz sinayimidwe padziko lonse lapansi. "Chikho 12 oz" chochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana chikhoza kukhala chosiyana pang'ono malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa kudzaza-kwa mzere kapena mlomo. Nthawi zonse pemphani chitsanzo chakuthupi musanayike dongosolo lalikulu.

Kuyerekeza Kwamtundu Wathunthu wa Cup

Miyezo yamtengo ndi yoyerekeza pamitundu ya makapu. Mitengo yeniyeni imasiyanasiyana ndi kukula, kuchuluka kwa madongosolo, ogulitsa, ndi dera. Nthawi zonse funsani ma quotes musanapange bajeti.

Zitsimikizo ndi Chitetezo Chakudya: Zomwe Mungapemphe

Kapu iliyonse yokhudzana ndi chakudya kapena zakumwa iyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yovomerezeka yachitetezo cha chakudya. Nazi zazikulu zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa pofufuza:

• FDA 21 CFR(United States):Makapu omwe amagulitsidwa ku US akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirizana ndi magawo 21 CFR. Funsani Declaration of Compliance (DoC) kuchokera kwa ogulitsa anu.
• EU Regulation 10/2011 (Europe):Imayang'anira zida zapulasitiki pazolumikizana ndi chakudya ku EU. Omwe si{{1}Opanga opanga ku EU omwe amapereka kumisika yaku Europe akuyenera kuwonetsa kuti amatsatira.
• ASTM D6400 / BPI (US compostability):Imatsimikizira compostability yamakampani pamsika waku US. BPI ndiye wotsimikizira{1}}chipani chachitatu. Funsani nambala ya satifiketi, osati chizindikiro chokha.
• EN 13432 (Kukhazikika kwa ku Europe):EU yofanana ndi ASTM D6400. Zofunikira paziwongolero zovomerezeka m'maiko ambiri omwe ali mamembala a EU.

Mukawunika wogulitsa, funsani masatifiketi aposachedwa, otchulidwa omwe ali ndi masiku otha ntchito ya chinthu chomwe mukuyitanitsa - osati chiwongolero chokhudza gulu lazinthu. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe malamulo amakhudzira zosankha zanu zogula, onani iziEU ndi US malamulo phukusi.

Ndemanga Yachidule pa Malamulo Achigawo

Malo oyendetsera makapu otayidwa akuyenda mwachangu, ndipo amasiyana kwambiri ndi msika.

Mumgwirizano wamayiko aku Ulaya, Single-Use Plastics Directive (EU 2019/904) imaletsa zotengera zakudya za EPS ndipo ikufuna kuti mayiko omwe ali mamembala akhazikitse zofunikira zolembera, kusonkhanitsa, ndi kupanga makapu okhala ndi pulasitiki. Njira zobwezera ndalama za depositi zikuchulukirachulukira kumayiko omwe ali mamembala.

MuUnited Kingdom, malamulo ofanana a SUP akugwira ntchito, ndipo Scotland yakhala m'gulu la anthu omwe akugwira ntchito kwambiri. Mtengo wa kapu wotayika wakhala ukukambitsirana ku England.

MuUnited States, palibe chiletso chaboma, koma malamulo a boma-akuchulukirachulukira. California, Maine, Maryland, ndi New York ali ndi zoletsa za EPS m'boma. Malamulo a Extended producer responsibility (EPR) akupita patsogolo m'maboma angapo.

Mndandanda wa kutsatira kwa ogula - zinthu zisanu zoyenera kutsimikizira musanamalize kuitanitsa kapu:

1. Kodi chikhocho chili chovomerezeka m'misika iliyonse komwe chidzagulitsidwa kapena kuperekedwa?
2. Kodi wogulitsa ali ndi chakudya chamakono, chotsimikizirika-chikalata cholumikizirana (FDA DoC kapena EU Reg 10/2011)?
3. Ngati mukupanga zonena za compostability, kodi mwatsimikizira mwayi wopeza kompositi yamakampani pamalowo?
4. Kodi chikhochi chikufanana ndi chivindikiro ndi udzu womwe mukugwiritsa ntchito kale - kapena mukufunika kuyesa kugwirizana?
5. Kodi wogulitsa wapereka zitsanzo zenizeni zachakumwa chanu chakumwa chakumwa komanso kuchuluka kwake?

Kuyanjanitsa kapu yoyenera ndi yakumanjakapu lidsnthawi zambiri ndi sitepe yomwe imanyalanyazidwa. Kukwanira kwa chivindikiro kumasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa kapu ndi mtundu wa khoma - kumatsimikizira kugwirizana ndi zitsanzo zakuthupi musanawonjezere voliyumu.

Kufananiza Mtundu wa Cup ku Bizinesi Yanu